2-NBDG葡萄糖代謝染劑 | visualizing glucose uptake into living cells CAS#186689-07-6 APExBIO 貨號B6035
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雷帕黴菌（Rapamycin）| Romidepsin (FK228, depsipeptide) | Daptomycin | G-418 (80 S 核醣體延伸抑制劑)
2-NBDG | visualizing glucose uptake into living cells CAS#186689-07-6 APExBIO 貨號B6035 (10uM)
fluorescent glucose analog for visualizing glucose uptake into living cells.
2-NBDG 是一種螢光標記的 2-脫氧葡萄醣(2-deoxy-glucose)類似物(analog)，可用作評估細胞葡萄糖代謝(cellular glucose metabolism)的示蹤劑(tracer)。葡萄糖(Glucose)是維持組織中細胞活動(cell activities)和恆定狀態(homeostasis)的必要能量來源。糖代謝(Glucose metabolism)是許多疾病的重要靶標，並隨著病理狀況(pathological condition)而變化，因此，對糖代謝(glucose metabolism)的評估可以成為疾病進展的重要指標。2-NBDG可用於多種體外細胞 (10uM)，如HepG2人肝癌細胞(HepG2 human hepatocarcinoma cells)、L6大鼠骨骼肌細胞(L6 rat skeletal muscle cells)、MCF-7乳腺癌上皮細胞(MCF-7 breast cancer epithelial cells)和星形膠質細胞(astrocytes)，也用於疾病模型(disease models)、癲癇大鼠(epilepsy rat)、高血糖(hyperglycemia)、糖尿病(diabetes)或小鼠癌症異種移植模型(mouse xenograft model of cancer)。
2-NBDG 通過葡萄糖轉運(glucose transporters)蛋白進入細胞，隨後被己糖激酶(hexokinase)磷酸化(phosphorylated)並被困在細胞內。可以對細胞產生的螢光進行流式細胞術檢測(Flow cytometric detection)，以檢查活細胞對 2-NBDG 的攝取(2-NBDG uptake)，並可以使用螢光微孔板測定法(fluorescence microplate assay)測量轉運的 2-NBDG 的細胞內濃度。它也可以簡單地用螢光成像顯微鏡(fluorescence imaging microscopy)或 CCD 相機檢測。
| Cell experiment [1,2]: | |
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Cell lines |
HepG2 human hepatocarcinoma cells, L6 rat skeletal muscle cells, MCF-7 breast cancer epithelial cells |
| Preparation method | General tips for obtaining a higher concentration: Please warm the tube at 37 ℃ for 10 minutes and/or shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while. Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months. |
| Reacting condition | 10 μM for 10 min |
| Applications | In HepG2 human hepatocarcinoma cells and L6 rat skeletal muscle cells, 2-NBDG concentrations higher than 0.25 mM might show a high degree of self-quenching. 2-NBDG could be used as a fluorescent indicator for direct glucose uptake measurement. In the MCF-7 breast cancer cells, 2-NBDG uptake displayed rapid uptake for the first one to five minutes, then slowed, reaching an apparent maximum uptake near 20–30 minutes. |
| Animal experiment [3]: | |
| Animal models | Sprague–Dawley male adult rat |
| Dosage form | 200 mg |
| Application | 2-NBDG can be used for localizing epileptic foci. |
| Other notes | Please test the solubility of all compounds indoor, and the actual solubility may slightly differ with the theoretical value. This is caused by an experimental system error and it is normal. |
- 1. Zhuangzhuang Yang, Miao Yu, et al. “Retinoic acid inhibits the angiogenesis of human embryonic stem cell-derived endothelial cells by activating FBP1-mediated gluconeogenesis.” Stem Cell Res Ther. 2022 Jun 7;13(1):239. PMID: 35672803
- 2. Min-Min Hu, Wen-Ya Zheng, et al. “Sesamol Reverses Myofiber-Type Conversion in Obese States via Activating the SIRT1/AMPK Signal Pathway.” J Agric Food Chem. 2022 Feb 23;70(7):2253-2264. PMID: 35166533
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- 5. Ling Yang, Haiqi Lin, et al. “Exercise Ameliorates Insulin Resistance of Type 2 Diabetes through Motivating Short-Chain Fatty Acid-Mediated Skeletal Muscle Cell Autophagy.” Biology 2020, 9(8), 203; 3 August 2020. PMID: 32756447
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- 8. Luo P, Zhang C, et al. “Transcriptional positive cofactor 4 promotes breast cancer proliferation and metastasis through c-Myc mediated Warburg effect.” Cell Commun Signal. 2019 Apr 16;17(1):36. PMID: 30992017
- 9. Qiang Chu, Shuang Zhang,et al. “Cherry Anthocyanins Regulate NAFLD by Promoting Autophagy Pathway.”Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity.
- 10. Yan F, Yang Y, et al. “Effects of C-Glycosides from Apios americana Leaves against Oxidative Stress during Hyperglycemia through Regulating Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases and Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2.” J Agric Food Chem. 2017 Aug 30;65(34):7457-7466. PMID: 28758742
- 10. Yan F, Dai G, Zheng X. “Mulberry anthocyanin extract ameliorates insulin resistance by regulating PI3K/AKT pathway in HepG2 cells and db/db mice.” J Nutr Biochem. 2016 Aug 4;36:68-80. PMID: 27580020
| Physical Appearance | A crystalline solid |
| Storage | Store at -20°C |
| M.Wt | 342.26 |
| Cas No. | 186689-07-6 |
| Formula | C12H14N4O8 |
| Solubility | insoluble in DMSO; ≥17.1 mg/mL in H2O with ultrasonic; ≥2.93 mg/mL in EtOH with gentle warming and ultrasonic |
| Chemical Name | (3R,4R,5S,6R)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-((7-nitrobenzo[c][1,2,5]oxadiazol-4-yl)amino)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,4,5-triol |
| SDF | Download SDF |
| Canonical SMILES | OC[C@](O1)([H])[C@](O)([H])[C@@](O)([H])[C@](NC2=CC=C(N(=O)=O)C3=NON=C23)([H])C1([H])O |
| Shipping Condition | Ship with blue ice, or upon other requests. |
| General tips | For obtaining a higher solubility, please warm the tube at 37°C and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while. We do not recommend long-term storage for the solution, please use it up soon. |
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