人脂磷壁酸檢測試劑組 Human Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA) ELISA Kit貨號abx257487

磷壁酸（teichoic acid）是革蘭氏陽性（G+）菌細胞壁特殊組份，由核糖醇（Ribitol）或甘油（Glyocerol）殘基經由磷酸二鍵互相連接而成的多聚物。是一種弱酸性物質。其含量會隨著培養基成分變化而變化，一般占細胞壁品質的10%，有時可接近50%。根據其在細胞表面上的固定方式，磷壁酸可分為壁磷壁酸（Wall teichoic acid）和膜磷壁酸（Membrane teichoic acid）兩種，前者不深入質膜，其末端以磷酸二酯鍵與肽聚糖的N-乙醯胞壁酸殘基連結。膜磷壁酸又稱脂磷壁酸（Lipteichoic acid）跨過肽聚糖層，以其末端磷酸共價連接於質膜中糖脂（例如二葡糖基二醯基甘油）的寡糖基部分。脂磷壁酸（Lipoteichoic Acid，LTA）是革蘭氏陽性菌細胞壁的主要成分。這些有機體有一個內（或細胞質）膜，在其外部有一個厚（高達80 nm）的肽聚糖層。脂磷壁酸的結構因革蘭氏陽性菌的不同種類而異，可能含有長鏈核糖醇或磷酸甘油。脂磷壁酸通過二醯基甘油固定在細胞膜上。它充當自溶壁酶（胞壁酸酶）的調節劑。且具有抗原特性，能夠刺激特定的免疫反應，主要在溶菌酶、白細胞陽離子肽或β-內醯胺抗生素誘導溶菌後從細菌細胞中釋放出來。

Human Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA) ELISA Kit is an ELISA Kit for the in vitro quantitative measurement of Human Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA) concentrations in serum, plasma and other biological fluids.

產品介紹:

Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is a major constituent of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria. These organisms have an inner (or cytoplasmic) membrane and, external to it, a thick (up to 80 nanometer) peptidoglycan layer. The structure of LTA varies between the different species of Gram positive bacteria and may contain long chains of ribitol or glycerol phosphate. LTA is anchored to the cell membrane via a diacylglycerol. It acts as regulator of autolytic wall enzymes (muramidases). It has antigenic properties being able to stimulate specific immune response and is released from the bacterial cells mainly after bacteriolysis induced by lysozyme, cationic peptides from leucocytes, or beta-lactam antibiotics.

Target	Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA)
Reactivity	Human
Tested Applications	ELISA
Recommended dilutions	Optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
Storage	Shipped at 4 °C. Upon receipt, store the kit according to the storage instruction in the kit’s manual.
Validity	The validity for this kit is 6 months.
Stability	The stability of the kit is determined by the rate of activity loss. The loss rate is less than 5% within the expiration date under appropriate storage conditions. To minimize performance fluctuations, operation procedures and lab conditions should be strictly controlled. It is also strongly suggested that the whole assay is performed by the same user throughout.
UNSPSC Code	41116126
Test Range	7.8 pg/ml – 500 pg/ml
Sensitivity	< 4.69 pg/ml
Standard Form	Lyophilized
Detection Method	Colorimetric
Assay Type	Sandwich
Assay Data	Quantitative
Sample Type	Serum, plasma and other biological fluids.
Kit Components	The kit components listed are for reference only. The product manual may differ slightly. The product should be used as stated on the product manual included and delivered together with the product. Pre-coated 96-Well Microplate Standard Standard Diluent Buffer Wash Buffer Detection Reagent A Detection Reagent B Diluent A Diluent B TMB Substrate Stop Solution Plate Sealer
Material Required But Not Provided	37°C incubator Multi and single channel pipettes and sterile pipette tips Squirt bottle or automated microplate washer 1.5 ml tubes Distilled water Absorbent filter papers 100 ml and 1 liter graduated cylinders Microplate reader (wavelength: 450 nm) ELISA Shaker
Sample Collection/Preparation	Serum: Samples should be collected into a serum separator tube. Coagulate the serum by leaving the tube undisturbed in a vertical position overnight at 4°C or at room temperature for up to 60 minutes. Centrifuge at approximately 1000 × g for 20 min. Analyze the serum immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C. Plasma: Collect plasma using heparin or EDTA as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge for 15 minutes at 1000 × g within 30 minutes of collection. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid hemolysis and high cholesterol samples. Tissue homogenates: The preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type – this is just an example. Rinse tissues with ice-cold PBS to remove the excess of blood. Weigh before homogenization. Finely mince tissues and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer on ice in PBS and sonicate the cell suspension. Centrifuge the homogenates at 5000 × g for 5 min and collect the supernatant. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C.
Reagent Preparation	This procedure is provided for reference only. The product manual may differ slightly. The product should be used as stated on the product manual included and delivered together with the product. 1) Standard: Prepare the standard with the recommended volume of Standard Diluent Buffer, to make the standard solution. Then use the Standard Diluent buffer to carry out serial dilutions of the standard solution, as instructed in the Protocol. 2) Wash Buffer: Dilute the concentrated Wash Buffer with distilled water, as instructed in the Protocol. 3) Detection Reagent Preparation: Calculate the total volume of working solution required. Dilute Detection Reagent A and Detection Reagent B with Diluent A and Diluent B, respectively, at 1:100.
Assay Procedure	This procedure is provided for reference only. The product manual may differ slightly. The product should be used as stated on the product manual included and delivered together with the product. 1) Set standard, test samples and control wells. 2) Aliquot 100 µl of diluted standard into the standard wells. 3) Aliquot 100 µl of Standard Diluent buffer into control (zero) well. 4) Aliquot 100 µl of diluted samples into the sample wells. Incubate for 1 hr at 37 °C. 5) Aliquot 100 µl of Detection Reagent A to each well. Incubate for 1 hr at 37 °C. 6) Wash 3 times. 7) Aliquot 100 µl of Detection Reagent B to each well. Incubate for 90 mins at 37 °C. 8) Wash 5 times. 9) Aliquot 90 µl of TMB Substrate to each well. Incubate for 10-20 mins at 37 °C. 10) Aliquot 50 µl of Stop Solution. 11) Measure the OD at 450 nm.
Availability	Shipped within 5-12 working days.
Note	This product is for research use only.The range and sensitivity is subject to change. Please contact us for the latest product information. For accurate results, sample concentrations must be diluted to mid-range of the kit. If you require a specific range, please contact us in advance or write your request in your order comments.Please note that our ELISA and CLIA kits are optimised for detection of native samples, rather than recombinant proteins. We are unable to guarantee detection of recombinant proteins, as they may have different sequences or tertiary structures to the native protein.
Plate coated with	Antibody