Annexin V-FITC細胞凋亡檢測  | 貨號10010-02       100個反應

ApoScreen® Annexin V Apoptosis Kit-FITC

Apoptosis 細胞凋亡介紹-Annexin V分析

細胞凋亡是指為維持有機體內環境穩定，由基因控制的細胞自主的有序的死亡。正常情況下，任何細胞在形成過程中發生的異常都會通過凋亡消除。例如，體內的癌細胞增長為腫瘤的過程會受細胞凋亡的引導而被抑制。然而，在抑癌基因p53出現問題時，凋亡就不會誘導發生，從而導致癌細胞的不斷增長。細胞凋亡可以通過細胞形態的變化或生物化學的變化來檢測。目前常用的指標有caspase活性分析、DNA片段分析、及磷脂醯絲氨酸phosphatidylserine (PS)的外翻等實驗。

Human T lymphocyte cell line Jurkat was stained with ApoScreen® Annexin V-FITC (SB Cat No. 10039-02) and ApoScreen® 7-Aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD; SB Cat. No. 10042-01) at varying stages of apoptosis. (Green – Annexin V-FITC; 7-AAD – Red)

Annexin V 細胞凋亡偵測原理

Annexin V細胞染色，用於檢測細胞凋亡早期的細胞膜變化。在細胞凋亡早期，膜磷脂醯絲氨酸phosphatidylserine (PS)由脂膜內側翻向外側。Annexin V是一種Ca離子依賴性磷脂結合蛋白，可以與磷脂醯絲氨酸phosphatidylserine (PS) 特異結合。用綠色螢光FITC標記或PE標誌的Annexin V通過流式細胞儀或螢光顯微鏡可以檢測到細胞凋亡的發生。結合細胞核染劑PI或7-AAD，利用流式細胞儀或螢光顯微鏡可偵測偵測細胞凋亡現象及其凋亡分期。碘化丙啶(Propidium Iodide, PI)是一種核酸染料，PI只能透過凋亡晚期和死細胞的細胞膜，因此Annexin V和PI結合使用，可以區分凋亡早晚期的細胞及死細胞。

細胞凋亡產品介紹:  細胞凋亡的早期階段，大多數細胞將磷脂醯絲氨酸（PS）從質膜的內表面轉移至細胞表面。膜聯蛋白V (Annexin V)是一種Ca離子依賴性磷脂結合蛋白，可以與磷脂醯絲氨酸phosphatidylserine (PS) 特異結合。套組內包括有Annexin V-FITC及碘化丙啶（PI）。套組內包括有Annexin V-FITC及碘化丙啶（PI）。應用FITC結合標記的Annexin V通過流式細胞儀或螢光顯微鏡可以檢測到細胞凋亡的發生。結合細胞核染劑PI同時可偵測偵測細胞凋亡現象及其凋亡分期。同時評估細胞凋亡與細胞壞死機制。當細胞用膜聯蛋白V-FITC和碘化丙啶（PI）雙重染色時，可以觀察到三種不同的細胞群: 活細胞不被Annexin V-FITC 或 PI染色 、necrotic cells壞死細胞同時被兩種試劑染色、凋亡細胞僅可被膜聯蛋白V-FITC染色通過流式細胞儀488nm激發進行分析。

ApoScreen®膜聯蛋白 Annexin V-FITC細胞凋亡試劑盒 (SBA貨號10010-05), 應用螢光素結合的膜聯蛋白V（膜聯蛋白V-FITC）與碘化丙啶（PI）同時評估細胞凋亡。在細胞凋亡的早期階段，細胞開始在外細胞膜上顯示磷酸酰絲氨酸（PS），其中通過用膜聯蛋白V-FITC染色細胞可以容易地檢測到它。PI可以容易地穿過細胞膜並與細胞DNA結合，從而提供了通過包括壞死在內的機制鑑定那些已經失去膜完整性的細胞的方法。當細胞用膜聯蛋白V-FITC和PI雙重染色時，可觀察到三種不同的細胞群 – （i）不用膜聯蛋白V-FITC或PI染色的活細胞; （ii）用兩種試劑染色的壞死細胞; （iii）僅用膜聯蛋白V-FITC染色的凋亡細胞。可以在配備有單個激光的任何流式細胞儀上使用488nm的激發進行分析。或者，可以用配備有用於區分FITC和羅丹明/ PI的過濾器的螢光顯微鏡檢查細胞。

Day old BALB/c mouse splenocytes were stained with ApoScreen® Annexin V Apoptosis Kit-FITC (SB Cat. No. 10010-02).

Kit Components	Annexin V-FITC – 100 tests in 1.0 mL Propidium Iodide (PI) – 100 tests in 1.0 mL Annexin V Binding Buffer 10X – 7 x 1.5 mL
Buffer Formulation	Annexin V-FITC and PI are supplied in Annexin V Binding Buffer
Storage & Handling	Store at 2-8°C Please refer to product specific SDS
Applications	Flow Cytometry – Quality tested 1-7, 9-34 Immunocytochemistry – Reported in literature 6,8,35
Recommended Dilutions	Please refer to product specific Technical Bulletin

細胞免疫專家極力推薦SouthernBiotech高品質二級抗體

美國抗體生產商Southern Biotech於1982年，由UAB細胞免疫專家Dr. Max Cooper與實驗室成員共同創立。SouthernBiotech致力於生產高品質二級抗體。物種種類齊全，包括有Bovine、Canine、Chicken、Cynomolgus、Donkey、Equine、Feline、Goat、Guinea Pig、Hamster、Human、Monkey、Mouse、Porcine、Rabbit、Rat、Rhesus、Sheep、Turkey。具有螢光物質（FITC、PE、APC、SPRD、PE/CY5.5、APC/CY5.5、Spectral Red、Alexa 488、Alexa 647、Pacific Blue）各種螢光標誌、另具酵素（HRP、AP）、或未標誌及Low Endotoxin/Azide Free（LE/AF）等標定。

Isotype control 分型對照組 | 分型對照組套組 | 抗體分型ELISA 套組 | anti-rabbit 二級抗體 | anti-mouse二級抗體 |

Cat. No.	Product Description	Size
10010-02	ApoScreen® Annexin V Apoptosis Kit-FITC	100 tests
10010-09	ApoScreen® Annexin V Apoptosis Kit-PE	100 tests
10039-01	ApoScreen® Annexin V-UNLB	0.1 mg
10039-02	ApoScreen® Annexin V-FITC	100 tests
10039-08	ApoScreen® Annexin V-BIOT	100 tests
10040-01	ApoScreen® Annexin V-UNLB	0.1 mg
10040-02	ApoScreen® Annexin V-FITC	100 tests
10040-08	ApoScreen® Annexin V-BIOT	100 tests
10040-09	ApoScreen® Annexin V-PE	100 tests
10040-11	ApoScreen® Annexin V-APC	100 tests
10040-15	ApoScreen® Annexin V-CY5	100 tests
10042-01	ApoScreen® 7-Aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD)	100 tests
10044-01	ApoScreen® Propidium Iodide (PI)	100 tests
10045-01	ApoScreen® Annexin V Binding Buffer 10X	50 mL

References

1. Silkov A, Wolstein O, Shachar I, Dikstein R. Enhanced apoptosis of B and T lymphocytes in TAFII105 dominant-negative transgenic mice is linked to nuclear factor-κB. J Biol Chem. 2002;277:17821-9. (FC)
2. Catalan MP, Esteban J, Subirá D, Egido J, Ortiz A. Inhibition of caspases improves bacterial clearance in experimental peritonitis. Perit Dial Int. 2003;23:123-6. (FC)
3. Lester EA, Babensee JE. Proinflammatory phenotype of endothelial cells after coculture with biomaterial-treated blood cells. J Biomed Mater Res A. 2003;64:397-410. (FC)
4. Shiner EK, Terentyev D, Bryan A, Sennoune S, Martinez-Zaguilan R, Li G, et al. Pseudomonas aeruginosa autoinducer modulates host cell responses through calcium signalling. Cell Microbiol. 2006;8:1601-10. (FC)
5. Kikuno N, Shiina H, Urakami S, Kawamoto K, Hirata H, Tanaka Y, et al. Knockdown of astrocyte-elevated gene-1 inhibits prostate cancer progression through upregulation of FOXO3a activity. Oncogene. 2007;26:7647-55. (FC)
6. Petreaca ML, Yao M, Ware C, Martins-Green MM. Vascular endothelial growth factor promotes macrophage apoptosis through stimulation of tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 14 (TNFSF14/LIGHT). Wound Repair Regen. 2008;16:602-14. (FC, ICC)
7. Rong S, Cai JH, Andrews J. Cloning and apoptosis-inducing activities of canine and feline TRAIL. Mol Cancer Ther. 2008;7:2181-91. (FC)
8. Lai JC, Lai MB, Jandhyam S, Dukhande VV, Bhushan A, Daniels CK, et al. Exposure to titanium dioxide and other metallic oxide nanoparticles induces cytotoxicity on human neural cells and fibroblasts. Int J Nanomedicine. 2008;3:533-45. (ICC)
9. Rodrigues DH, Vilela MC, Barcelos LS, Pinho V, Teixeira MM, Teixeira AL. Absence of PI3Kγ leads to increased leukocyte apoptosis and diminished severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Neuroimmunol. 2010;222:90-4. (FC)
10. Grishko V, Xu M, Wilson G, Pearsall AW. Apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in human chondrocytes following exposure to lidocaine, bupivacaine, and ropivacaine. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010;92:609-18. (FC)
11. Ramaswamy S, Schornack PA, Smelko AG, Boronyak SM, Ivanova J, Mayer JE Jr, et al. Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) labeling efficiency and subsequent MRI tracking of native cell populations pertinent to pulmonary heart valve tissue engineering studies. NMR Biomed. 2012;25:410-7. (FC)
12. Kim J, Xu M, Xo R, Mates A, Wilson GL, Pearsall AW 4th, et al. Mitochondrial DNA damage is involved in apoptosis caused by pro-inflammatory cytokines in human OA chondrocytes. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2010;18:424-32. (FC)
13. Wang S, Tang Y, Cui H, Zhao X, Luo X, Pan W, et al. Let-7/miR-98 regulate Fas and Fas-mediated apoptosis. Genes Immun. 2011;12:149-54. (FC)
14. Hagner PR, Mazan-Mamczarz K, Dai B, Bolzer EM, Corl S, Martin SS, et al. Ribosomal protein S6 is highly expressed in non-Hodgkin lymphoma and associates with mRNA containing a 5′ terminal oligopyrimidine tract. Oncogene. 2011;30:1531-41. (FC)
15. Matsuo AL, Figueiredo CR, Arruda DC, Pereira FV, Scutti JA, Massaoka MH, et al. α-Pinene isolated from Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae) induces apoptosis and confers antimetastatic protection in a melanoma model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2011;411:449-54. (FC)
16. Kawas LH, Yamamoto BJ, Wright JW, Harding JW. Mimics of the dimerization domain of hepatocyte growth factor exhibit anti-Met and anticancer activity. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2011;339:509-18. (FC)
17. Li W, Ma M, Dong L, Wang F, Chen L, Li X. MicroRNA-34a targets notch1 and inhibits cell proliferation in glioblastoma multiforme. Cancer Biol Ther. 2011;12:477-83. (FC)
18. Erfe MC, David CV, Huang C, Lu V, Maretti-Mira AC, Haskell J, et al. Efficacy of synthetic peptides RP-1 and AA-RP-1 against Leishmania species in vitro and in vivo. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2012;56:658-65. (FC)
19. Al-Owais MM, Scragg JL, Dallas ML, Boycott HE, Warburton P, Chakrabarty A, et al. Carbon monoxide mediates the anti-apoptotic effects of heme oxygenase-1 in medulloblastoma DAOY cells via K+ channel inhibition. J Biol Chem. 2012;287:24754-64. (FC)
20. Jackson LJ, Pheneger JA, Pheneger TJ, Davis G, Wright AD, Robinson JE, et al. The role of PIM kinases in human and mouse CD4+ T cell activation and inflammatory bowel disease. Cell Immunol. 2012;272:200-13. (FC)
21. Sanchez-Niño MD, Sanz AB, Sanchez-Lopez E, Ruiz-Ortega M, Benito-Martin A, Saleem MA, et al. HSP27/HSPB1 as an adaptive podocyte antiapoptotic protein activated by high glucose and angiotensin II. Lab Invest. 2012;92:32-45. (FC)
22. Polotskaia A, Hoffman S, Krett NL, Shanmugam M, Rosen ST, Bargonetti J. 8-Amino-adenosine activates p53-independent cell death of metastatic breast cancers. Mol Cancer Ther. 2012;11:2495-504. (FC)
23. Kushiro K, Núñez NP. Ethanol inhibits B16-BL6 melanoma metastasis and cell phenotypes associated with metastasis. In Vivo. 2012;26:47-58. (FC)
24. Babcock AS, Anderson AE, Rice CD. Indirubin-3′-(2,3 dihydroxypropyl)-oximether (E804) is a potent modulator of LPS-stimulated macrophage functions. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2013;266:157-66. (FC)
25. Wang W, Li Q, Zou F, Yu Z, Wang Y, Lu T, et al. Increased expression of AGS3 in rat brain cortex after traumatic brain injury. J Neurosci Res. 2013;91:726-36. (FC)
26. Shimoni S, Bar I, Zilberman L, Goland S, Edri O, Gandelman G, et al. Circulating progenitor and apoptotic progenitor cells in patients with aortic regurgitation. Circ J. 2013;77:764-71. (FC)
27. Bailey ST, Miron PL, Choi YJ, Kochupurakkal B, Maulik G, Rodig SJ, et al. NF-κB activation-induced anti-apoptosis renders HER2-positive cells drug resistant and accelerates tumor growth. Mol Cancer Res. 2014;12:408-20. (FC)
28. Armstead AL, Arena CB, Li B. Exploring the potential role of tungsten carbide cobalt (WC-Co) nanoparticle internalization in observed toxicity toward lung epithelial cells in vitro. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2014;278:1-8. (FC)
29. Niedzwiedz A, Jaworski Z, Tykalowski B, Smialek M. Neutrophil and macrophage apoptosis in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from healthy horses and horses with recurrent airway obstruction (RAO). BMC Vet Res. 2014;10:29. (FC)
30. Razi SS, Rehmani S, Li X, Park K, Schwartz GS, Latif MJ, et al. Antitumor activity of paclitaxel is significantly enhanced by a novel proapoptotic agent in non-small cell lung cancer. J Surg Res. 2015;194:622-30. (FC)
31. Wang Y, Wu Y, Miao X, Zhu X, Miao X, He Y, et al. Silencing of DYRK2 increases cell proliferation but reverses CAM-DR in Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma. Int J Biol Macromol. 2015;81:809-17. (FC)
32. Ko B, Lee S, Lee Y, Hwang I, Persson H, Rockberg J, et al. Combination of novel HER2-targeting antibody 1E11 with trastuzumab shows synergistic antitumor activity in HER2-positive gastric cancer. Mol Oncol. 2015;9:398-408. (FC)
33. Delma CR, Somasundaram ST, Srinivasan GP, Khursheed M, Bashyam MD, Aravindan N. Fucoidan from Turbinaria conoides: a multifaceted ‘deliverable’ to combat pancreatic cancer progression. Int J Biol Macromol. 2015;74:447-57 (FC)
34. Zhang D, Wang L, Yan L, Miao X, Gong C, Xiao M, et al. Vacuolar protein sorting 4B regulates apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells via p38 MAPK in Crohn’s disease. Exp Mol Pathol. 2015;98:55-64. (FC)
35. Figueiredo CR, Matsuo AL, Pereira FV, Rabaça AN, Farias CF, Girola N, et al. Pyrostegia venusta heptane extract containing saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons induces apoptosis on B16F10-Nex2 melanoma cells and displays antitumor activity in vivo. Pharmacogn Mag. 2014;10:S363-76. (ICC)